What defines Hernias
Inguinal Hernias
The term inguinal hernia describes hernias situated directly above the inguinal ligament, a tendon- like structure made out of connective tissue, which is part of the connection between abdominal muscles and the pelvis. The inguinal canal is located at this point, where under normal circumstances the female mesosalpinx of the uterus or the male spermatic cord passes through the abdominal wall.
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Umbilical Hernias
Umbilical hernias are the second most common hernias of the abdominal wall after inguinal hernias. An umbilical hernia of a newborn baby, however, is the exception to the rule. Infantile umbilical hernias rarely lead to an incarceration and can thus be described as the only hernias that heal spontaneously: 98 % of all hernias diminish within the space of 2 years.
Once the child has passed the age of two, all umbilical hernias should be surgically removed, because every fourth hernia that is not operated on leads to an incarceration within the following years. An umbilical hernia which includes the incarceration of parts of the intestine poses a life threatening situation to the patient even today in this day and age.
If the contents of the hernial sac are jammed (rarely occurs) and it is not possible to push it back into the abdominal cavity, an operation needs to be carried out immediately without any delays. The patient will suffer severe pain, nausea and vomiting in such a situation.
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Abdominal wall / Incisional Hernias
These hernias occur if the patient has discovered a swelling in the region of a scar on the abdominal wall from a previous operation. This swelling becomes more noticeable, particularly when the patient presses, coughs or sits up from previously lying down. The swelling is usually less recognisable in the latter position.
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